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Dataset specification · Domain scale

250 hours of Tamil Scripted Speech

A domain scale build of 250 hours of Tamil scripted speech. Fine-tuning a production model for a specific domain, accent range or deployment condition. Speakers read prompts from a phonetically balanced script shown one line at a time, with retakes on any flubbed or misread line.

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Structured dataset packages ready for delivery — 250 hours of Tamil Scripted Speech
Volume
250 hours
Scale
Domain scale
Per speaker
20–30 minutes of accepted audio per speaker
Accepted yield
85–90% of recorded time is accepted
01

How Tamil scripted speech is captured

Speakers read prompts from a phonetically balanced script shown one line at a time, with retakes on any flubbed or misread line.

A 45-minute booth session yields roughly 300–400 prompts. One file per utterance, cut at the prompt boundary, so alignment is exact before any forced-alignment pass runs.

Yield at this style: 85–90% of recorded time is accepted. Prompt-level retakes catch problems inside the session, so very little is discarded afterwards. This is the highest-yield style we run.

Domain scale — what the build is actually made ofCitiesThree to fourStudiosThree to four rooms plu…RecruitersFour coordinators under…Speakers~500–600Sessions per day25–30 nationallyTeam1 programme lead, 4 coo…
02

The specification

FieldValue
LanguageTamil (ta-IN, Tamil)
Volume250 hours
Equivalent500 speakers at 30 minutes each, or 250 speakers at one hour each
Speech typeScripted Speech
Per speaker20–30 minutes of accepted audio per speaker
File granularityOne WAV per prompt, named by prompt ID and speaker ID
Prompt coverageTriphone-balanced script with digit, date, name and domain-lexicon blocks
Leading/trailing silence200 ms padded, verified automatically on every file
AlignmentPrompt text is ground truth; deviations are flagged rather than silently corrected
DialectsChennai (Madras Bashai), Kongu (Coimbatore), Madurai, Nellai (Tirunelveli)
TranscriptionVerbatim, native-speaker, second-pass reviewed
Speaker recording scripted prompts for a speech data collection project — supporting 250 hours of tamil scripted speech
Speaker recording scripted prompts for a speech data collection project
03

Designing the script for Tamil

  • Script built for triphone coverage rather than word coverage, so rare phone contexts appear often enough to train on
  • Digit strings, dates, currency and person names blocked separately, because these are where deployed ASR actually fails
  • Domain lexicon injected from your product vocabulary when you supply one
  • Sentence-length distribution spread deliberately, since all-short prompts produce a model that cannot handle long utterances
  • Built against Tamil specifically: Extreme diglossia: written Tamil and spoken Tamil differ so much that read-speech corpora are near-useless for conversational ASR
  • Code-mixing handled explicitly rather than edited out — Tanglish is the default urban register. Technology, finance, and workplace vocabulary is largely English embedded in Tamil syntax.
04

Running a domain scale Tamil build

Six to eight weeks. Beyond three cities the bottleneck moves from recruitment to transcription throughput, which is why the transcriber count rises faster than the engineer count.

Four to five batches on a fortnightly cadence, sequenced so the dialects you care about most land first.

Recruit by district rather than by city alone; Chennai-only cohorts produce models that degrade sharply in the south and west of the state.

ParameterAt this volume
CitiesThree to four — Chennai, Coimbatore, Madurai, Tiruchirappalli
StudiosThree to four rooms plus one mobile rig
RecruitersFour coordinators under one programme lead
Speakers~500–600
Sessions per day25–30 nationally
Team1 programme lead, 4 coordinators, 8 engineers, 14 transcribers, 2 QA leads
05

Cohort design

At 250 hours quotas are enforced per dialect and reconciled fortnightly. Aggregate demographics are reported per batch so drift is visible while there is still time to correct it.

Requires literate speakers comfortable reading aloud in the target script, which is the main constraint on cohort breadth and has to be actively counterweighted.

DimensionTypical splitWhy it matters for Tamil
Gender50 / 50Pitch range differences change acoustic model behaviour; unbalanced cohorts bias recognition
Age18-25: 30%, 26-40: 40%, 41-60: 30%Older speakers retain conservative Tamil forms that younger urban speakers have lost
RegionTamil Nadu / Puducherry / parts of Karnataka and Kerala and othersDialect spread across 6 recognised varieties
EducationMixed, including below-graduatePrompt-reading fluency correlates with education and skews prosody
ConditionStudio / quiet room / fieldMatch the noise profile of your deployment
06

Tamil-specific considerations

  • Extreme diglossia: written Tamil and spoken Tamil differ so much that read-speech corpora are near-useless for conversational ASR
  • Tanglish is the default urban register. Technology, finance, and workplace vocabulary is largely English embedded in Tamil syntax.
  • Almost all public Tamil audio is literary read speech from news or scripture. Genuine colloquial Tamil, especially southern and Kongu varieties, is the single biggest gap for anyone building Tamil voice products.
07

Quality gates for scripted speech

  • Prompt-to-audio match verified by a native reviewer; a misread line is a rejected file, not an edited transcript
  • Hyperarticulation flagged — a speaker over-enunciating because they are reading produces audio that does not match deployment
  • Clipping and truncation checked at both utterance boundaries
  • Per-speaker prompt coverage confirmed, so no speaker silently skips a block
  • Transcribers normalising spoken Tamil into literary Tamil, destroying the acoustic-text alignment
  • ழ / ள / ல confusion

100% technical QA, 15% content QA with stratified sampling across city, dialect and transcriber, so no single team's output goes unchecked.

08

What goes wrong on scripted speech sessions

  • Reading voice: flat prosody and unnatural stress that trains a model on speech nobody actually produces
  • Prompt fatigue in the back half of long sessions, where accuracy drops and pace flattens
  • Speakers who are not fluent readers, which quietly biases the cohort toward higher education bands
  • Script leakage across speakers, producing a corpus that memorises sentences instead of covering sounds
09

Risks at domain scale in Tamil

Cost at this band is driven by: Transcription depth — verbatim with disfluencies costs materially more than clean-read transcription; Number of distinct dialect quotas rather than raw hours.

  • Transcription becomes the critical path and stays there for the rest of the volume bands
  • Coordinator turnover mid-build causes quota drift that is only visible in the final demographic report unless it is audited weekly
  • Tamil carries 6 recognised varieties across Tamil Nadu, Puducherry, parts of Karnataka and Kerala, so the quota matrix is wider than the headline volume suggests
  • Almost all public Tamil audio is literary read speech from news or scripture. Genuine colloquial Tamil, especially southern and Kongu varieties, is the single biggest gap for anyone building Tamil voice products.
10

Deliverables

  • WAV audio to your naming convention, with the per-file manifest
  • Verbatim Tamil transcripts with utterance-level timestamps
  • Prompt ID mapped to every utterance
  • Verbatim deviation flags where the speaker departed from the script
  • Per-utterance SNR and duration in the manifest
  • Per-speaker metadata: age band, gender, region, dialect, education band
  • Consent records mapped to speaker IDs
  • QA report with pass rates, rejection reasons and agreement statistics
  • Speaker-disjoint train / dev / test splits on request
11

What this trains, and what it does not

  • ASR acoustic model baselines
  • TTS voice building where a single speaker is recorded at depth
  • Pronunciation lexicon and G2P validation
  • Forced-alignment and phone-boundary work

Scripted audio contains no disfluencies, no false starts and no natural turn-taking. A model trained on it alone degrades sharply on real spontaneous input, so it is a baseline layer rather than a complete training set.

Frequently asked

Is 250 hours of Tamil enough?

Enough to shift word error rate meaningfully on a domain-specific deployment. For a general-purpose model in a low-resource language, still a starting layer.

Why scripted speech rather than another speech type?

ASR acoustic model baselines, TTS voice building where a single speaker is recorded at depth, Pronunciation lexicon and G2P validation are what this style is the right input for. Scripted audio contains no disfluencies, no false starts and no natural turn-taking. A model trained on it alone degrades sharply on real spontaneous input, so it is a baseline layer rather than a complete training set.

How long does a domain scale Tamil build take?

Six to eight weeks. Beyond three cities the bottleneck moves from recruitment to transcription throughput, which is why the transcriber count rises faster than the engineer count. Four to five batches on a fortnightly cadence, sequenced so the dialects you care about most land first.

What does 250 hours of Tamil scripted speech cost?

Quoted per delivered hour against this specification. At this band the drivers are transcription depth — verbatim with disfluencies costs materially more than clean-read transcription and number of distinct dialect quotas rather than raw hours. Send the spec and you get one fixed figure.

How much QA is applied at this volume?

100% technical QA, 15% content QA with stratified sampling across city, dialect and transcriber, so no single team's output goes unchecked.

Quote this Tamil dataset

250 hours, scripted speech, Tamil — domain scale. Adjust anything and send it.

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